The methods used for reactive power compensation include low-voltage individual compensation, low-voltage centralized compensation, and high-voltage centralized compensation.

1. Individual low voltage compensation

Low-voltage individual compensation is based on the need for reactive power by individual electrical equipment to decentrally connect one or more low-voltage capacitor banks to the electrical equipment in parallel. It shares a set of circuit breakers with electrical equipment and switches on and off at the same time through the control and protection devices. Random compensation is suitable for compensating the reactive power consumption of individual large-capacity and connected operation (such as large and medium-sized asynchronous motors).

The advantage of low-voltage individual compensation is: when the power-consuming equipment is running, reactive power compensation is turned on, and when the power-consuming equipment is stopped, the compensation equipment is also withdrawn, so no reactive power is returned. It has the advantages of low investment, small footprint, easy installation, convenient and flexible configuration, simple maintenance, and low accident rate.

2. Low-voltage centralized compensation

Low-voltage centralized compensation refers to connecting a low-voltage capacitor to the low-voltage bus side of a distribution transformer through a low-voltage switch and using a reactive power compensation switching device as a control protection device. The switching of capacitors is controlled directly based on the reactive load on the low-voltage bus. The switching of capacitors is performed in the entire group, and smooth adjustment is not possible. Low-voltage centralized compensation is one of the commonly used methods in reactive power compensation.

The advantages of low-voltage compensation: simple wiring, small workload of operation and maintenance, and balance of reactive power on the spot, thereby improving the utilization rate of distribution transformers, reducing network losses, and having higher economics.

3. High-voltage centralized compensation

High-voltage centralized compensation refers to the compensation method in which a parallel capacitor bank is directly installed on the 6 ~ 10KV high-voltage bus of the substation. It is suitable for users who are far away from the end of the power supply line where the substation is located. When the user itself has a certain high voltage load, it can reduce the reactive power consumption of the power system and can play a certain compensation role. The compensation device automatically switches on and off according to the size of the load, and the compensation benefit is high.

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